Because Whatsminer is a proprietary hardware brand (owned by MicroBT), there is no public academic "paper" on their internal software. However, there is extensive technical documentation available to operators.
Unlike some other ASICs, WhatsMiner firmware is typically updated either via the WhatsMiner Tool on a PC or by flashing the control board directly using an SD card and software like PhoenixCard. Specialized & Advanced Tools
Users can switch between "High," "Normal," and "Low" power modes to balance energy consumption with hashing speed. Official Firmware and Updates
Modern firmware often supports multiple control board types (like H616 or H6OS) within the same file, making it easier to manage mixed fleets of M30, M50, and M60 series miners.